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Environmental rapid survey for Tuberculosis in Jember

Irma Prasetyowati^1*, Yunus Ariyanto¹, Rahayu Sri Pujiati ² , Candra Bumi¹, Pudjo Wahjudi¹

¹ Department Epidemiology, Biostatistic and Population, Faculty of Public Health, University of Jember, Jember, East Java, 68121, Indonesia

² Department of Environmental Health and Occupational Safety Health, Faculty of Public Health, University of Jember, Jember, East Java, 68121, Indonesia

 

* Corresponding Author: Irma Prasetyowati, Mailing list  E-mail: irma_prasetyowati.fkm@unej.ac.id, Phone: +62-81330403092 Fax: +62-331-322995

 

Background

Tuberculosis (TB) is a severe, contagious disease that primarily affects the lungs. Among infectious diseases, TB is the leading cause of death worldwide. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that between 2000 and 2020 almost 1 billion people worldwide will be infected with TB and, without better prevention and treatment measures, 35 million people will die during this period. It is usually transmitted from person to person via airborne particles that contain TB bacteria. The WHO agrees that poverty and urbanization create the perfect conditions for TB transmission. With accumulating evidence showing that environmental factors exacerbate TB risk.  The CDC guidelines recommend the use of ventilation as a primary environmental control against the spread of TB. Other environmental control methods have been suggested that may decrease exposure of healthcare community to airborne Mycobacterium tuberculosis.The purpose of this research was to study the enviromental factor for TB

Materials and methods

This research used rapid survey method. The environmental variable of research are plafond, wall, floor, bedroom window, family room window, ventilation, kitchen smoke hole, lighting, temperature, humidity and history of TB. There are two-stage cluster surveys that features, first stage selection with probability proportionate to size (PPS) sampling, and second stage selection with  simple random sampling. 30 selected clusters, each cluster selected 10 households. So this collect 300 samples. Collecting data with Epicollect5 application

Results

The results of this rapid survey for environmental variable are 61% plafond are adequte, 86,2% permanent wall,  90,2% adequate floor, 81,8% bedroom window available, 84,8% family room window available, 52,2% adequate ventilation, 23,5% kitchen smoke hole available, 58,5% adequate lighting, 83,8% adequate temperature and 78,1% are not  humidity

This research shown 93,9% respondent didn’t have history of TB, 86,2% are adequate enviromental.

Conclusions

Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that in the environmental of TB are adequate. Therefore, it is necessary for community to keep healthy and socializing the awareness-raising about the importance of tuberculosis preventing with maintaining environmental health.

Acknowledgements

Thank you very much to Rector of University of Jember, Dean of Faculty of Public Health, University of Jember for the support and assistance of this research realization.

Keywords:  Tuberculosis, Environmental, rapid survey